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Data suggests that SA-PTSD, as assessed by a particular PCL-5 version, demonstrates conceptual coherence, functioning in harmony with the DSM-5's PTSD framework for traumatic events. The 2023 PsycINFO database record, copyright APA, with all rights reserved, is to be returned.
Prior research using a mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, characterized by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), demonstrated that repetitive hypoxic conditioning (RHC) in both parental generations led to an epigenetic, intergenerational inheritance of resilience against recognition memory deficits in offspring, as measured by the novel object recognition test. To ascertain whether resilience against dementia can be passed down intergenerationally through RHC treatment of one or both parents, the current study employed the same model. We have identified a maternal link to the resilience of male subjects against three months of CCH exposure (p = 0.006). Our study showed a strong statistical pattern indicating a notable contribution from the paternal germline, with a p-value of .052. In contrast to the widely observed male pattern, our findings indicated intact recognition memory in females (p = .001). A three-month CCH study exhibited a previously unrecognized sexual difference in cognitive impact, occurring in tandem with the progression of the disease. The results of our study firmly implicate epigenetic changes induced in maternal germ cells by our repeated systemic hypoxic stimuli. These changes lead to a modified differentiation program, which ultimately contributes to the development of a dementia-resistant phenotype in the first-generation male offspring. The PsycINFO database record, whose copyright is held by APA in 2023, possesses all reserved rights.
Interventions targeting the fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) often yield only minor improvements, and a small number of them specifically address the fear of FCR. Using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, this study examined the impact of cognitive-existential fear of recurrence therapy (FORT) versus a living well with cancer (LWWC) attention placebo control group on fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in breast and gynecological cancer survivors.
The 164 women, demonstrating clinical levels of FCR and cancer distress, were randomly divided into two groups: 80 for 6-weekly, 120-minute FORT sessions, and 84 for LWWC group sessions. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline (T1), at the point of post-treatment (T2), after three months (T3), and then again six months post-treatment (T4). To assess group disparities in fear of cancer recurrence, as measured by the total FCRI score, and secondary outcomes, generalized linear models were employed.
FORT participants experienced a statistically significant reduction in their FCRI total scores from T1 to T2, showing a notable difference of -948 points between the groups (p = .0393). The analysis yielded a medium effect size of -0.530, and this effect remained significant at T3 (p = 0.0330). Nevertheless, there is no presence at T4. Improvements in secondary outcomes were observed for FORT, notably in FCRI triggers, which reached statistical significance (p = .0208). 3′,3′-cGAMP supplier A statistically significant association was found between FCRI coping and the outcome (p = .0351). Cognitive avoidance showed a statistically meaningful association (p = .0155) with other variables. Patients required assurance from physicians, as demonstrated by a statistically significant result (p = .0117). Quality of life, specifically mental health, exhibited a statistically discernible connection (p = .0147).
FORT, in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing it to an attention placebo control group, exhibited a greater reduction in FCR post-treatment and at three months post-treatment in women with breast and gynecological cancers, signifying its possible utility as a new therapeutic option. For the continuation of improvements, undertaking a booster session is strongly encouraged. The copyright of this PsycInfo Database Record, 2023, belongs solely to the APA.
This randomized controlled trial indicated that FORT, when compared to an attention placebo control group, yielded a more pronounced decrease in FCR post-treatment and at three months post-treatment in female patients diagnosed with breast or gynecological cancer, hinting at its potential as a novel treatment strategy. To continue the trajectory of positive outcomes, consider a booster session. The PsycINFO database record of 2023 is under the exclusive copyright control of the APA.
To explore the relationship between psychosocial stressors and cardiovascular health, examining (a) the developmental trajectories of childhood and adult stressors in connection with hemodynamic responses to acute stress and subsequent recovery, and (b) the influence of optimism on these relationships.
The Midlife in the United States Study II Biomarker Project's participant group included 1092 individuals, comprised of 56% women and 21% from racial or ethnic minority backgrounds. The average age of these individuals was 562 years old. Using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and a life events survey, researchers constructed profiles of psychosocial stressor exposure during a person's life, encompassing patterns of low exposure, high exposure solely in childhood, high exposure solely in adulthood, and persistent exposure. To ascertain optimism, the Life Orientation Test-Revised was utilized. The standardized lab protocol, which entailed continuous monitoring of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as baroreflex sensitivity, gauged acute hemodynamic stress reactivity and recovery from cognitive stressors.
The high childhood and continuing exposure groups, compared to the low lifespan exposure group, presented a decreased blood pressure reactivity, and to a lesser degree, a slower recovery of blood pressure levels. Repeated exposure was linked to a less rapid restoration of BRS function. The presence or absence of optimism did not change the connection between stress exposure and any acute hemodynamic responses. In exploratory analyses, stressor exposure across all developmental stages was found to be inversely associated with acute blood pressure stress reactivity and a slower recovery rate, potentially due to lower levels of optimism.
Research findings suggest that childhood, a period of unique developmental growth, is profoundly impacted by high adversity exposure. This can limit the capacity for psychosocial resource development and modify hemodynamic responses to sudden stress, thereby influencing adult cardiovascular health. Sentences, in a list format, are returned in this JSON schema.
Childhood, a critical period of development, marked by high adversity, may leave a long-lasting impact on adult cardiovascular health by restricting the development of psychosocial resources and altering the body's response to acute stress, as supported by the findings. 3′,3′-cGAMP supplier The PsycINFO Database, copyright 2023 American Psychological Association, holds the rights to its comprehensive collection of psychological literature.
A novel cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) has exhibited effectiveness in managing provoked vestibulodynia (PVD), the most common form of genito-pelvic pain, outperforming topical lidocaine treatment. 3′,3′-cGAMP supplier However, the processes through which therapeutic progress occurs are not fully elucidated. We assessed pain self-efficacy and catastrophizing in women and their partners, examining their role as mediators in the outcomes of CBCT therapy, compared to a lidocaine topical control group.
One hundred eight couples with PVD were randomly divided into groups receiving either a 12-week course of CBCT or topical lidocaine. Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and six-month follow-up assessments were conducted. Dyadic mediation analyses were performed.
The addition of CBCT did not outperform topical lidocaine in terms of boosting pain self-efficacy, resulting in the abandonment of CBCT as a mediator. The post-treatment decrease in pain catastrophizing in women was associated with reduced pain intensity, less sexual distress, and enhanced sexual function. Decreases in pain catastrophizing, observed after treatment, mediated improvements in sexual function, when considered in pairs. Pain catastrophizing reductions in partners were associated with, and mediated, the decrease in women's sexual distress.
In PVD patients, pain catastrophizing could serve as a key mechanism through which CBCT interventions improve both pain and sexual function. This PsycINFO database record, copyrighted 2023 by the American Psychological Association, holds all rights.
Pain catastrophizing, a potentially crucial element unique to CBCT for PVD, may account for the enhancements observed in pain and sexuality. The APA holds all rights to this PsycINFO database record from the year 2023.
To help people keep track of their daily physical activity goals, behavioral feedback and self-monitoring are frequently used. Little is known about the best dosages for these methods and whether they are interchangeable in digital physical activity programs. Within-person experimental methodology was applied in this study to investigate the connections between daily physical activity and the frequency of two unique prompt types, one for each technique.
Smartwatches with integrated activity trackers were provided to young adults lacking sufficient activity, coupled with the requirement to meet monthly physical activity goals over three months. Participants were given a daily dose of zero to six randomly selected and timed watch-based prompts, which could either provide behavioral feedback or encourage self-monitoring.
The three-month period witnessed a considerable increase in physical activity, characterized by a marked rise in step counts (d = 103) and the duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (d = 099). Mixed linear models demonstrated a positive relationship between daily steps and the frequency of daily self-monitoring prompts, reaching a peak at approximately three prompts per day (d = 0.22). Further prompts beyond this point provided minimal or diminishing returns.